Liquid-fuel burner



C. G. NOVAK LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed Ooij.. 20, 1927 5 Sheets-'Sheet 1 Jan. 22, 1929. 1,699,623

Jan. 22, 1929. 1,699,623

c. G. NovAK LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed 001.20. 1927' @tvshm 2 e 50 'll/l//M/i y l Jan. 22, 1929. 14,699,623

c. G. NovAK LIQUID FUEL BURNER f6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Oct. 20, .1927

- @den oJ/r @fies '/OMCL@ Patented Jan. 22, 1,929'.

yUNITED STATES v.Paint-:NT OFFICE'.

CHARLES e. NovAx, or osx am, II.I.INoIs,

ASSIGNOR TO. MILLER INDUSTRIAL OIL BURNER CO., A CORIIORATION F ILLINOIS.

LIQUID-FUEL .BURN ER.

The purpose of this-invention is to provide an improved. construction of a fuel oil burner adapted particularly to produce a very thorough dispersion of the liquid fuel in an adequate quantity of air for complete combustion, inthe process of driving the liquid fuel and the air through the burner apparatus to the point of ignition in the iire box or flame ychamber of the furnace to which the burner is applied. It consists in the elements and features'of construction shown and described as indicated in the claims.

In the drawings- Figure 1I is an outer end elevation of a burner embodying this invention. Figure 2 is an axial section at the plane indicated 'by .the line 2-2 on Figure 1.

Figure 3v is a detail elevation as seen at the line 3 3 on Figure 1.

Figure 4 is'a'n elevation of the fan element removed from the lower casing having a part of the fan casing broken away lto disclose the interior.

. Figure 5 is an end elevation on an enlarged scale of an annular element mounted in-the` blower vcasing for giving spiral movement to the air driven by the fan at an outer annular zone.

Figure 6 is an axial section of the annular element shown in Figure 5.

Figure 7 is an end elevation showing on the scale of Figure 6 an annular element mounted on the fan shaft forgiving spiral movement and centrifugal discharge to the air ldriven in by the fan at a zone rinterior with respect to the zone of the .annular element shown in Figure 5, Figure 8` is a section at the line 8 8 on Figure 7 on the same enlarged scale.

Figure 9 is an edge elevation of ajdistributor-'which is rotated by the fan shaft at the discharge side of the burner."

igure l() is an axial section of the same.

Figure 11 is a section at the line 11-11 on Figure v10.

Figure 12 is a. view on an enlarged scale, 'showing in: end elevation two annular mem.- bers which are shown respectively in Figures 5 and? in their relation to each other in the assembled structure.

Figure 13 is a-,fview similar to Figure12 `showing a slight modification.

- Figure 14 is an axial section of the parts shown in Figure 13.

.The structure shown in the drawings comf for rotation therewith fan shaft are mounted in the members, 10 and ,20, at annular seats, vl2 and 22, provided for such bearings on the two members respectively. 30 is a fan shaft journalled in the bearings, 13 and 23,' and carrying a fan, .31, comprising an annularlentrance plate, 31, whose centr-al aperture admits the air, and a complete circular back plate, 31", with radial spacing ribs, 31, constituting fan blades and forming approximately radial discharge passages, 311. Mounted on the fan shaft, 30, beyond the journal annular element, 40, or flutings, 41, spanbearing, 23, there is an formed with spiral ribs ning theannular interval between an inner cylindrical wall, 42, and an outer cylindrical.'

wall, 43, of said annular element, said spiral ribsbeing positioned and extending at a relatively short portion of the axial length of said annular element and terminating at the inner side midway in the length of said element, leaving 1n said element beyond the spiral f ribs an unobstructed annular discharge pas- Mounted lixedly on the lblower,`

sage, 44.

casing member, 20, 'beyond the journal bearing, 23, and substantially atl the zone of the passage, 44, of the annular element, 40, there is mounted a second annular element, 50, having exteriorly cylindrical and interiorly frusto-conical wall, 51, from which there are formed protruding inwardly spiral ribs, 52, which extend inward radially into close proximity with the outer surface of the outer cylindrical wall, 43, of the inner annular element, 40. Said annular element,"50, terminates at its inner end `a short distance back of the inneror discharge end of the outer cylindrical wall, 43, of the element, 40, On

Ithe shaft, 30, inwardly beyond the element,

40, and spaced somewhat inwardly from the inner end of the outer wall; 43, of said element, there is mounted a distributor, 60, which is a chambered device having a relativelyl large central aperture at the side toward the fan leading into the chamber, and radial varies, '62, partitioning the chamber forming radial discharge passages, 63,o the annular` margin bounding the central aperture atthe side toward the fan lbebing frusto-conical in form fordeliecting outwardly/the air current ldelivered against it, while theportion of the only relatively transverse to each other, one air which is, divergent in the passa e, 44, and -being in general radial, and the other in genenters'the central apertureis de ectedand eral axial, but inv addition theyhave opp0. dischargedradially through the passage, 60d. site spirality. The result is to very greatly The oil for supplying the pressure is intensify the effect of'their impact upon each T0 pumped. from the source by a pump, 70, otherl for breaking up the fuel elementalmounted on the blower casing member, 20, ready carried in suspension by the current and driven by any suitable means as by a which has passed through the rotating worm, on the shaft, 30, meshing with the spirally vaned member,Q and produces fuel gear, 30h, on the pumposhaft, 30C. Thev dismixture discharged with a tendency to` ex- 75 charge p1 e, 71.from the punp is led in -pand and stretch dut at. its emergence from through t e blower casing member, 20, as the burner into the name chamber; so that at v seen at 72, and terminates in the discharge the advance from the discharge end ofthe nozzle, 7 31, which protrudes into the entrance burner at which ignition occurs, the resultaperture, of the annular member, 40, ing flame is as Wide spread as the .form of 80` anterior to the spiral ribs and passages of the name chamber will permit. A

that member, as seen at 7 4in Figure 2. r Figures 13 and 14. show a slight modica- The operation, of this burner may beuntion consisting in dispensing with the disderstood from the foregoing description. tributor shown in Figures 9,10 and, 11, land The fan being driven by any suitable power substituting a conical deflector,` 90, formed means .connected to the shaft as indicated at integrally with the sprally partitioned ele- 80, the air enteringat the annular air intake, ment, 40, to which it is joined by a sleeve, 91, 15, of the casing member, 10, enters the ycen-i which fit-son the fan shaft, 30, which is retral aperture, 31, of the fan, 31, and isdisduced in diameter at the end portions which charged centrifugally into the chamber of receive said sleeve and thereby provided with Q0 the casing in which it is converged in the f a shoulder, 30", by which the integral memrneinber, 20, to the discharge neck, 25, thereof, ber comprising the par t,'41, andthe defiector, wherein part. of the air current is forced and. 90, isAstoppedon the shaft, said integral memdrawn through the rotatin annular member being secured and keyed on the shaft by ber, 40, in whlch it picks up t e oil discharged a threaded key, 95, for which a threaded key from the nozzle, 73, and atomizes it while it seat is formed at the end 'of the shaft and is carried in the spiral passages. of that eleofthe said member having each of said parts,

ment and discharged from them with a whirlas` seen in Figure x14. The operation of this -ing movement 1nto the annular discharge modification is not very materially different portion, 44, from whose discharge end the fuel from that of the form shown in the other tig*y 100 mixture is discharged with a whirling moures. For it will bev understood that the fuel tion tending to cause it to disperse centrifmixture discharged and deflected" by the ugally. A portion, however, enters the disconical member, 90, encounters the air cur tributor, 60, partly under the impulse of the rent discharged outside the member, 40, in a dischar e from the passages, 44, and partly direction in.` general transverse to the disby the fan action of the distributoritending charge current and with a spiral movement to drive the iuid out centrifugally H,in the opposite to that which characterizes the latradial passages, thereby causing lower presf, tercurrent for the purpose and wi'th the effect sure at the center which operates for drawof thoroughly breaking up the fuel carried ing in the fuel mixture discharged from the in suspense :in the current which lemerges 11o passages, 44, as mentioned. The remainder .past the conical member, 90.

of the fuel mixture is discharged centrifu- I claim:

allypast the ffrustoconical margin of the 1.r` A liquid fuel burner comprising in comistributor between the same and1 the end bination with a blower Casing and rotary fan of the tubular part, 48, where it encounters membertherein, open ended spirally ribbed transversely the portion of the air which is annular elementsat the discharge side of the converged 1n the neck of the blower casing as blower casing, one of said annular` elements mentioned, which was not driven and drawn, being mounted for rotation with the rotary as described', through the rotating annular fan member and the other beinglixed in the member, 40, but. which passed Vout around casing, the/spiral ribs of said annular ele- 12u that element throu h the spiral'passages of4 ments respectively having opposite pitch, and the outer annular e ement, 50. This portion Aa `fuel nozzle mounted for discharge of fuel of the air 1t will be observed' will-have dein the zone of the rotating annulus fromberived a spiral movement in the direction dehind the same against the spiralribs thereof.

termined by the direction of Obliquity of thc 2. A liquid fuel burner comprising in com* spiral, ribsof the element, 50, which 4is oppobination with a blower casing and rotary fan site to that of the rotated annular and spiralmember therein,` open ended spirally ribbed ly vaned element, 40; so that the air currents annular elements at the discharge side of the derived respectively from the rotating memblower casing, one of said annular elements ber, 40, and the' fixed member, 50, are not being mounted for rotation-with the rotary 130 fanmember and the other being fixed in the casing, the spiral ribs of said annular elements respectively having opposite pitch, and a fuel nozzle mounted for discharge of fuel in the Zone of the rotating annulus from behind the same, and means for discharging the liquid fuel under pressure from said nozzle outer concentric cylindrical elements between which at an intermediate part only of the length of said elements the spiral ribs extend; whereby there is formed in said annulus at the discharge side of the spiral ribs an annular discharge passage for the air-andfuel mixture, the fixed annulus being positioned encompassing said annular discharge passage of the rotating annulus and having its discharge approximately in the transverse plane of the discharge of said annular passage.

5. In the construction defined in. claim l, the rotating annulus comprising inner and outer concentric cylindrical elements between which at an intermediate part only of their length the spiral ribs extend; whereby there is formed at the discharge side of said spiral ribs an annular discharge passage for the air and fuel mixture, in combination with the fixed and rotating annular elements a distributor mounted for rotation with the fan shaft at the discharge side of the rotating annulus, said distributor comprising an annular frusto-conical flange facing said rotary annulus at the outer circumferential part thereof and spaced slightly away axially therefrom, a second annulus spaced axially from the frustoeconical annulus having its central aperture dimensioned for mounting the distributor on the fan shaft for rotation therewith, and a multiplicity of radial ribs joining said frusto-conical annulus and said shaft-fitting annulus spaced apart circumferentially to form a multiplicity of fuel mixture discharges; whereby the fuel mixture delivered through the rotating annulus is dis tributed by substantially radial discharge crosswise of the air discharged through and deflected spirally by the fixed spirally ribbed annulus.

6. A construction for the purpose indicated comprising a blower comprising a rotary fan member and having a casing formed for converging air blast for discharge about the center; an open ended annulus mounted in the casing at the discharge side thereof having spirally formed ribs occupying an outer zone thereof; a second annulus mounted co-axially with the first mentioned annulus having spirally formed ribs occupying an annular zone, said second annulus being mounted on the fan shaft for rotation thereby, the spiral ribs of the two annular' elements being of opposite pitch, and a fuel duct led in through the wall of the blower casing beyond the rotating fan thereof terminating for discl'iarge in the zone lof the revolving annulus from behind said zone; whereby the liquid fuel is discharged from said revolving annulus dispersed in the air discharged through the latter in the oblique direction of spirality of the ribs of said rotating annulus and counter to the air discharged through the fixed annulus having ribs of opposite spirality.

7. A construction for the purpose indicatedcomprising a blower casing; a. rotary fan member therein; open ended spirally ribbed annular elements at t-he discharge side of the blower casing, one of said elements being mounted for rotation with the rotary fan member and the other being fixed in the casing, the spiral ribs of said annular elements re' spectively having opposite pitch; a fuel nozzle mounted for discharge of fuel in the zone of the rotating annulus from behind the same; a distributor positioned at the discharge side of the rotating annulus7 and means forrotating it in the same direction as the latter, said distributor comprising frusto-c0nical members' facing each other spaced apart to form between them an annular chamber taperednarrowing from inner to outer circumference and having a multiplicity of partitions distributed circumferentially in said tapering space for delivering a multiplicity of centrifugally discharging jets of air-and-fuel mixture outwardly across the air blast delivered kthrough the fixed spirally ribbed annulus.

8. In the construction defined in claim 7, the distributor being closed at the farther side whereby the entire air-and-fuel current entermg at the opposite side is discharged centrifugally at the periphery of said distributor,

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Chicago, lllinois, this 18th day of October, 1927.

CHARLES Gt, NGVAK. 

